Routing Tables

Lab Overview

Let’s look at how routing and custom routes work in a virtual network. We spun up a CSR in the previous lab. We will check how user defined routes work through a network virtual appliance with CSR as an example NVA.

Lab Diagram

Create a route table

1. On the upper-left side of the screen, select Create a resource > Networking > Route table.

2. In Create route table, enter or select this information:

   Setting	Value
   Name	rt-nva
   Subscription	Select your subscription
   Resource group	Create new, enter rg-lab, and select OK
   Location	Leave the default West US 2

3. Select Create.

The new route table should show up in the list.

Create a route

1. Click on the route table ‘rt-nva’ that you just created.

2. Under Settings, select Routes > + Add.

3. In Add route, enter or select this information

   Setting	Value
   Route name	route-to-nva
   Address prefix	10.0.1.0/24
   Next hop type	Virtual appliance
   Next hop address	10.1.1.5 (or IP of the NVA CSR)

4. Select OK.

Associate a route table to a subnet

Click on the route table ‘rt-nva’ that you just created.

1. From the route table rt-nva page, under Settings, select Subnets

2. Click Associate, enter or select this information:

   Setting	Value
   Virtual network	vnet1
   Subnet	vnet1-subnet2

3. Select OK

Enable IP Forwarding on the NVA

Enable IP Forwarding on the NVA VM’s network interface.

1. Go to the virtual machines page and click on VM csr1
2. Select Networking from the VM blade on the left and click on the network interface for the VM
3. Click on IP Configuration tab in the left blade under Settings
4. Verify IP forwarding is enabled

Test the routing

Test routing from the vnet2-vm-web1 VM to the 10.0.1.0/24 subnet.

1. SSH into the virtual machine vnet1-vm-web1

   • Ping the CSR1000v VM csr1
   • Verify pings are successful

2. Now ping the destination vm vnet-hub-vm1 using its private IP address 10.0.1.4

   • Pings should be successful

3. Run traceroute to the vnet-hub-vm1 virtual machine

   azuser@vnet1-vm-web1:~$ traceroute 10.0.1.4
   traceroute to 10.0.1.4 (10.0.1.4), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
   1  10.1.1.6 (10.1.1.6)  1.913 ms  1.900 ms  1.873 ms
   2  * 10.0.1.4 (10.0.1.4)  3.760 ms *
   

   The next hop for the destination shows as the IP address of the CSR1000v virtual machine. This is our user defined routes in action.